Why did George W. Bush win the 2004 presidential election Free Essay Example, 2500 words

â€Å"George W. Bush got the huge anti-gay vote and so got another four years in the White House† (Coleman, 2004). Bush would also supposedly save them from Armageddon by preventing another attack by Muslim extremists despite all evidence to the contrary as the country had already been attacked because he ignored intelligence reports. Christian television and radio programmes openly advanced the conservative agenda reminding their flock that although the curtain was closed, God would be watching how they voted. While religious support is not the primary explanation for Bush’s victory, it accounts for a significant portion of the reason. It also served to further divide an already divided nation of the reasonable and illogical factions. Both sides were extremely fervent in their opinions regarding the candidates and their respective ideologies. â€Å"In truth, not only is there a culture divided between Bush and Kerry supports, but they seem to inhabit separate realiti es and different views on religion’s role in voting (which is) only one dissimilarity between their two disparate worlds† (Dean, 2004). Bush strategists put forth the notion that their candidate was of higher moral character than the opponent. We will write a custom essay sample on Why did George W. Bush win the 2004 presidential election or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page The American press focused on the emotionally charged, sensationalistic ‘moral values’ aspect of the campaign which only intensified the conservatives resolve in their convictions. It was the Economist, a British publication, that bothered to check the facts when it reported that â€Å"the percentage of American voters citing moral and ethical values as their prime concern is actually down† from previous elections (â€Å"The Triumph†, 2004). The Bush political machine spent $270 million, a record amount, on an aggressive grass-roots campaign directed not only toward evangelicals but to blacks, Hispanics and women as well. â€Å"Bush’s image of leadership, his focus on security, the fact that 9/11 hasn’t happened again within this country’s borders convinced Americans, especially women with families to protect† (Trei, 2004).

Analysis Of The Structure Hamlet - 1233 Words

Stability, Sanity, and Structure (Analysis of the structure in Shakespeare’s Hamlet) Structure is in our lives all around us; we see it in work lives, our home lives, in our owe bodies, and even more so in the curriculum that kids are learning at school. Structure, in all aspects, is constructed according to a plan. It gives a sense of assembly and backbone to whatever we are looking at. We see structure is in the information students are attaining at school, especially in the literary sense. Many authors are not only known for the message their work sends, but also the literary structure they present. Great literary works are often great not because the author was great, or the words were great, but because it had great structure. Structure in a piece of literature is pivotal to the success of the work. If an author can t decide where to start and finish his ideas, what order to put them in, or what form to put his work in then he lacks structure. One great example of an author who does this is william shakespeare. Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and co mmonly regarded as the greatest writer in the English language. He has written quite the handful of plays including Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, and Hamlet. In his work of Hamlet, Shakespeare presents structure that helps the audience better understand and connect to the play. The structure presented in Shakespeare’s Hamlet include his soliloquies, the play within the play, and finally his play on words. To begin,Show MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet s Revenge1725 Words   |  7 Pagesportrayal of Hamlet s revenge is not a worthy journey because he never finds his self worth, distracted between what will exemplify his purpose, and what will make him a failure in the memory of Denmark. Three quotes with analysis explaining thesis: Act 1 Scene 5 Ghost: â€Å" But know, thou noble youth, Hamlet: â€Å"Oh My Prophetic Soul! My uncle?† The serpent that did sting thy father’s life Now wears his crown.† The beginning of the â€Å"call to adventure -J Campbell†, Hamlet is encounteredRead MoreThemes of Misogyny in Shakespeares Hamlet1019 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet: Quotation Analysis on Misogyny Quotation Analysis â€Å"But two months dead-nay, not so much, no two. So excellent a king, that was this Hyperion to a satyr; so loving to my mother That he might not beteem the winds of heaven Visit her face too roughly, Heaven and earth, Must I remember? Why, she (would) hand on him As if increase of appetite had grown By what it fed on. And yet, within a month (Let me not think on’t; frailty, thy name is woman!)† I.ii. 142-150 During Hamlet’s soliloquy afterRead MoreFeminism in both Hamlet and Lady Oracle Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesThe literary works, Hamlet and Lady Oracle, chart both the life’s course of their main characters and underline the protagonist’s trajectory in some decisive moments of their existence, when both of them, Hamlet and Joan Foster, need to take some decisions which may change their destinies. In this brief essay I will try to point out similarities and differences between these two stories taking into consideration a feminist approach. First and foremost I would like to mention what do I mean byRead MoreComparing The Ghost Character in ‘Hamlet’ and ‘Snow in Midsummer’1797 Words   |  7 Pagesmost famous drama which was written by Guan Hanqing. Hamlet, one of the four famous tragedies which is written by William Shakespeare from between 1599 to 1602. 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I have includedRead MoreComparison Of Ophelia And Hamlet By William Shakespeare1382 Words   |  6 PagesAUTHOR’S NOTE I went a little over when I was writing this analysis but I wanted to pack in as much information as I could. I took what I felt were the three major points of this play with women in it. I analyzed how Shakespeare portrayed and meant the two major female characters to be (Ophilia and Gertrude), and an example of the interactions between Ophelia and Hamlet, as they were very consistent throughout the story, and are an interesting but very easy display of societal norms at that timeRead MoreI Am Writing At The Spring 2015 Semester Of Mrs. Miller s Engl 112 Dual Enrollment College1577 Words   |  7 Pagesextensive editing to the essay to make sure that the argument was better developed. We switched gears pretty drastically for our next paper, an analysis of a literary device that developed the argument of Hamlet. 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Animal Rebellion in Animal Farm Free Essays

Animal Farm by George Orwell is a story about a group of animals that rebel to get their freedom. It is a story about a society with excellent ideas for progress, that starts with good management, but eventually becomes corrupt. It is a devastating satire on the Russian Revolution. We will write a custom essay sample on Animal Rebellion in Animal Farm or any similar topic only for you Order Now The story elements are matched by a simple prose style. This novel is a straightforward piece of story-telling, which makes the theme of the story pretty clear: totalitarianism is not to be trusted and the communist revolution changed virtually nothing. George Orwell used some literary elements such as plot, characterization, irony, and allusion to present and emphasize the theme of the story. First, Orwell used the plot and characters to present the theme of the story. For instance, the pigs and dogs took most of the power for themselves, thinking they were the best administrators of government. This shows that they were giving themselves attributions and were starting to be unequal. Eventually, the power corrupted them and they killed many of their fellow animals to eliminate competition. Also, Orwell used the pigs to represent the leaders of the Russian government during the 1920†³s, such as Lenin and Stalin. This illustrates how the author used characters, in this case the pigs, to describe the way some leaders acted while they were in charge of their government. Overall, by using a suspenseful but explicit plot, and a personification of animals, Orwell made the reader understand the corruption that surrounded the Russian government. In addition, Orwell used the irony and allusion to present the theme of the story. For example, it is ironic how the animals never remembered any of the commandments clearly, and every time Squealer changed them, nobody noticed it, except Benjamin. This shows how much confidence the animals had on their leaders. They believed that after Mr. Jones had left, now they were supposedly â€Å"their own masters†. Also, Orwell used allusion by presenting a rebellion of animals, which made reference to the Russian Revolution of 1917. This shows how the author used animals to indirectly criticize the leaders of the Russian government during the revolution. By making reference to historical events from the past, the author made a link between the past and present actions and how they relate to one another. Therefore, Animal Farm shows how revolutionary ideals of justice, equality and fraternity always shatter in the moment in which they are going to be practiced. Animal Farm concerns one of the central political experiences of our time: revolution. It is a story about a revolution for an ideal, and about how the ideal is increasingly betrayed until it disappears altogether from the new ociety after the revolution. Because of the corruption within the pig leaders, the animals on the farm ended perhaps even worse than when Mr. Jones was in charge. Every time men and women decide to change the system of government they were born under, there has been a revolution. Orwell is trying to get to the point that revolutions are leading to eventual destruction of society. All in all, there is always going to be a social status that will divide men and economic classes from one another. How to cite Animal Rebellion in Animal Farm, Essay examples

Police in ancient India Essay Example For Students

Police in ancient India Essay Ð nupam Sharma The concept of rule of taw and the administration of justice has heen known to exist in India ever since the vedas came to be recognised as they were synthesis of Drame Maintenance of law and order prevention and detention of crime in the society is the prime responsibility of police since ancient limes so that selfish elements may not supress and exploit the weak and harmony could be maintained in the society The prime characteristics of ancient police sy stem was its community orientation, functional specialisation, decentralisation and expertizaon. To a great extent the accountability of police force was towards the masses. Conceptually, the word ‘police’ has been derived from the Greek word ‘Polis’ that is a city. The Latin ‘Politeia’ which means conditions of a state or government. However, in administrative terminology police is being considered as an executive civil force of a state to which is entrusted the duty of maintenance of public order and enforcing regulations for prevention and detention of crime. Succinctly, it may be said that the police came in existence in society with the existence of man. The term ‘Police’ according to the Oxford dictionary means â€Å"a system of regulation for the preservation of order and the enforcement of law. According to the Royal Commission on Police Powers and Procedure 1929, a Policeman is a person paid to perform, as a matter of duty, acts, which, if he were so minded, he might have one voluntarily. The concept of rule of law and the administration of justice has been known to exist in India ever since t he Vedas came to be recognized as they were synthesis of Dhrama. The concept of crime was there. Manu classified crimes fewer than eighteen heads amongst which, were included assault, defamation, theft, robbery, adultery, violence, gambling and betting. Manu refers to the police function prevalent in his times for the prevention and detention of crime. According to P.V. Kane, the police problems of the most ancient village communities of India were confirmed mainly to cattle theft, murder and adultery. The police problems of the most ancient village communities of India were confined mainly to cattle theft, murder and adultery. Balmiki’s Ramayana furnishes glimpses of policemen on patrol security, guards and spies. The Apasthamba Dharmasatra (600-300 BC) prescribes that the king should appoint in towns and villages officers and subordinates, who are pure and truthful for the protection of the subjects against thieves and who arc to be made to make good what is stolen, that is, ‘if the king docs not punish the guilty, he incurs sinâ₠¬â„¢, that, in disputes judges should be men of learning, clever and fulfilling their duties, and that â€Å"witnesses were to tell the truth. In the Bhagvadgita the good qualities ascribed to a gentleman can very well be fixed for a policeman. â€Å"Fearlessness, purity of mind, wise apportionment of knowledge and concentration, charity, self control and sacrifice, study of the scriptures, austerity and uprightness. â€Å"Non-violence, truth, freedom from anger, renunciation, tranquillity, aversion to fault findings, compassion to living beings, freedom from covetousness gentlenese, modesty and steadiness (absence of fickleness)†. â€Å"Vigour, forgiveness, fortitude, purity, freedom from malice and excessive pride-these, PandaVa (Arjuna), are the endowments of him who is born in the divine nature†. Mauryan Period If we take Mauryan administrative system into consideration it may be evident that Mauryan empire was truly a Police State. The entire system was bifurcated in Pranta, now known as Province, Pradesh known as commissioners, Vishaya known as district, Nagar as cities and Gram as village. The head of such district used to be known as   Vishayapati. He was responsible to maintain peace while preventing and detecting crimes in the district. The district further devisable in sthaniya, generally constituted on 800 villages and functioning under the charge of an officer known as Sthanic. Sthaniya was further divided in the administrative units of Kharvatik, Dronmukh and Sangrahan, Gop was the officer at this stage and responsibility was to maintain law and order in his area of operation. The village head-man known as Gramini was responsible for the police activities in the village. He used to discharge his duties with the help of village community. Thus at the grassroot level, in those day s a collective policing was in operation. Bach officer was accountable to his superior one and thus he used to report about the problems to his senior officers who were supposed to take proper action. Apart from this general police structure the special police with a functional specialization was also operative. For instance, officer like Chaur Rajjuka and Vivitadhyaksha were considered to be an expert in apprehending thieves. The officer may be considered as predecessor to present times C.I.D. Briefly, this was the district police organization. In the district generally a few towns were also functional which had a different police organization. Normally the cities or towns used to be set-up for strategic and economic reasons and they used to be called according to their nature. For instance, if a city had a fort it used to be known as Durg Nagar. Similarly, a river town may be called as pattan and a general town as Sthaniya. The chief of the town police was known as Nagaradhyaksha or Nagarik. He may be considered as the counterpart to the commissioner of police of the present days. .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 , .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 .postImageUrl , .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 , .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040:hover , .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040:visited , .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040:active { border:0!important; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040:active , .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040 .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u89afb59d91b38192886920549e9df040:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Fab India Case Study EssayThe duties of the Nagarikas who later on came to be known as Kotwal, have been defined in detail by Kautilya. As per contemporary municipal laws, measters of houses were to report the arrival or departure of strangers and way fairers and catch hold of persons of doubtful characters and possessed of destructive weapons. Suspicious persons were to be arrested and punished. Even persons throwing dirt on the street were to be punished. The Nagarikas were expected to maintain law and order and look after the administration of jails and check up daily the defence of the city. He took custody of the lost property. Elaborate arrangements were made for the protection of the fire. The detailed duties of Nagarikas were thus described by Kautilya â€Å"persons whose family subsist on slender means of inheritance, who have little or no comfort, who frequently change their residence, caste and the names   not only of themselves but also of their family (Gotra), who conceal their own avocations and calls, who have been taken themselves to such luxurious modes of life as eating flesh and condiments, drinking liquor, wearing flower garlands, fine dress and jewels, who have been squandering away their money, who constantly move with profligate women, gamblers, or virtues, who frequently leave their residence who hold secret meeting in lonely places near to, or far from, their residence, who hurry as to get their wounds or boils cured these and other persons may be suspected to be either murderers or robbers or offenders guilty of misappropriation of treasure trove or deposits or to be any other kind of subsisting by foul means secretly emp loyed. The entire city used to be divided into four parts, each part being headed by an officer known as Sthanik, a counter part to the present superintendent of police. On a unit of 10 to 40 houses there used to be an officer known as Gop and his duty was not only to provide security to the residents but also keep a close eye on their activities. Guards known as Rakshak used to patrol the lane and bi-lane of the city and city and stationed at Chatushakhas (Chaukies) and Gulm (Gumaties). In nutshell this was the organizational structure of police at district level during Mauryan times. Kautilya is his Arthasastra, has described at length, nine groups of spies who were utilized for exercising watch on different kinds of people, including government officials, citizens, thieves, adulterators, criminals, forgers, coiners assassins and poisoners. But they had limited powers to exercise of arms. At the time of the Maurya rulers, there were courts of judges (Dharma * Sthaniya) and police Magistrates (Kantaksodhana). The criminal law was severe and stringent. The defender of the citadel was known as kotpala and protection of city as Nagarpala. The present work kotwal and kotwali have bceh drafted from kotpal of ancient times. The Sanskrit word ‘Gulma’ became Gumma in Prakrit, and then it was extended with an affix to give our modem word Gumti which is still in use to mean round towers to observe movement of people and goods from the work chatushka, the modern chowki and chowkidar has been derived. Likewise, one prahara or duty period, and the word ‘Pahra’ meant ‘watchman’ with a fixed duty’, the contemporary word ‘Pahra’ had probably been derived from this. At that time, policemen were on duty for three hours at a time. The gramini was remunerated in cash and was assisted by any informal council of village ciders. He is not mentioned as being generally responsible for the police duties of the village but had the power to expel from the village. Thieves and adulterers try some minor offences and impose fines in certain cases. In the areas intcr-vcning between villages, there were Vivitadhyakshas who inquired into the whereabouts of passersby, checked passports and protected travelers from thieves, dacoits and wild animals. They had hunters and guards accompanied by dogs to watch the approach of thieves or gangs of outlaws, and issued warnings of dangers to villagers through men on horse-back, beat of drum, blowing of conches, carrier or by means of a scries of bearer fires. At the ferries there were Navadhyakshas to check the passports of travelers and to arrest suspects.